Physiotherapists in Solihull treat many different conditions including the issues profiled below.

Core Stability for Back Pain

Treatments and management techniques for low back pain are very numerous and for most of them the evidence of effectiveness is either nil or not very great. Core stability comes into the category of a treatment which has some evidence for usefulness and for which there is ongoing scientific research. The spinal segments have a stabilising muscular system which keeps them in line with each other and prevent abnormal movement occurring between them which might cause problems. The three main muscle groups involved are the multifidus in the spine, the transversus abdominis in the abdomen and the pelvic floor.

Research has shown that these three groups work in concert and that if a back injury occurs then the multifidus muscles in the spine waste and do not recover spontaneously once the back pain has settled. However, working these core stability muscles at around 30 percent of their maximum capacity can restore the stabilising part of the spinal muscle group. Physiotherapists have researched this method and routinely prescribe core stability exercises for patients, understanding that good scientific evidence for longer term changes in spinal problems is not yet forthcoming. The technique is simple however, easily applied, reasonably logical and has few if any adverse side effects.

Activity and Muscle Strength

When a person starts to train for strength or power they start exerting high forces for short periods of time, i.e. they use heavier weights for smaller numbers of repetitions. This causes large changes in the fast twitch type 2 muscles fibres, increasing their size but not changing their number. This process is known as mechanically induced hypertrophy and results from the muscle cells synthesising increased amounts of muscle proteins to build into larger muscle. Muscles can also add new sections to the areas where they join the tendon if they are subjected to stretching forces.

In contrast, if muscles are inactive they reduce the making of muscle proteins within a few hours and the muscle starts to atrophy, to lose size and strength. In injuries if a muscle is immobilised in a shortened position both its size and its length will be reduced, with non-contracting substances becoming more dominant. This leads to a muscle which is shorter, more stiff and less easily lengthened, a significantly negative outcome in that immobilisation for fractures will have unwanted effects on the local muscular structures. Modern methods concentrate on immobilising a joint only if essential and only for the shortest necessary period.