Physiotherapists in Holborn treat many different conditions including the issues profiled below.

Shoulder Dislocation

The shoulder is an anatomically unstable joint as it is optimised for mobility rather than stability, allowing the hand to be placed in the very large number of positions required for optimal function. The shoulder socket (glenoid) is relatively small compared to the very large humeral head, leading to problems for the muscular and neurological systems as they struggle to keep the ball of the humerus centred on the socket during movement. The capsule of the shoulder, the fibrous bag which surrounds the whole shoulder joint, is relatively lax to allow for the large ranges of movement. This means it and its ligaments have little control over the joint and it relies on muscle control.

Dislocation is usually caused by a fall on the arm, especially if the arm in a position of abduction and lateral rotation, the position adopted by the .hands up!. posture. This is the most vulnerable position for the shoulder to dislocate anteriorly, i.e. the ball comes out of joint to the front. Immediate severe pain is the first symptom with the patient holding their arm in a protective position. Medical help is usually required to relocate the joint and there can be damage to the axillary nerve which control the deltoid muscle.

Simple Neck Exercises . Four

It is important to perform the neck exercises smoothly and slowly over a few seconds and to do each exercise on its own rather than combining two or more movements at once. Start with rotating the neck to the left as far as it will go and hold with a slight stretch at the end for a few seconds then return steadily to the starting position. Repeating this movement five or ten times can be followed by a short rest the practising turning to the right. This is the pattern for all the movements. Flexion involves letting the chin come forward until it rests almost on the chest as if someone is falling asleep in sitting up.

Extension involves looking up as far as one can although if that brings on dizziness it should be avoided. Side flexion is performed by allowing the ear to move towards the same side shoulder without rotating the head, with an accompanying firm stretch typical on the opposite side. Retractions or the .chicken movement. are more difficult to perform well. The face needs to be kept parallel to the vertical such as a wall as the head is drawn backwards with the chin pulled down slightly during the movement.