Physiotherapists in Blackheath treat many different conditions including the issues profiled below.

Total Hip Replacement

Total hip replacement was the first of the joint replacements to be developed and has not been practiced for over forty years. The results overall have been very impressive with great improvements in the quality of life of patients, placing the intervention near the top of the most effective medical treatments. Osteoarthritis, the most common joint condition throughout the world, is the main reason for hip replacement. As the joint wears it will show increasing stiffness, pain , loss of range of motion and increasing limitation of functional abilities such as walking and getting up from chairs.

Hip replacement is performed by removing the upper part of the thigh bone which bears the ball, drilling a cavity down into the thigh bone, filling this with cement and introducing a metal component which again bears a ball at the top. The socket is enlarged to receive a plastic socket which then articulates with the ball of the other component. Patients are mobilised into standing or walking the day after surgery by the physiotherapist and an assistant, and are taught range of motion exercises for the hip and correct gait. Once independent in mobility patients are discharged home at between three and five days post surgery.

The Structure of Bone

Bone is one of the body.s connective tissue and its cells produce a firm and rigid framework to make the skeleton of the body. It has a good blood supply and is surrounded by nerve endings which are mostly in the soft tissues which enclose the bone. Two types of bone exist, cortical bone which exists in solid masses or sheets and trabecular bone which is a lattice like honeycomb of small bone struts. The mass of bone secreted is five to eight percent water and 60-70 percent Hydroxyapatite, which is composed mostly of calcium and phosphate. The rest of the bone is made up of collagen, a form of fibrous tissue.

The crystals of Hydroxyapatite mean that bone is hard and can withstand compressive stresses while the fibrous tissue reduced the brittleness and resists tension stresses. Bone is laid down in an arrangement of concentric cylinders with a central channel carrying the blood vessels and nerves. The osteocytes or bone maintaining cells lie between the layers of bone. The whole unit of the individual cylinder is known as a Haversian system or an osteon. The periosteum covers the outer surface of the bone, with a tougher outer layer and a cellular inner layer.