Physiotherapists in Southampton treat many different conditions including the issues profiled below.

The Facet Joints

The facet joints, also known as the zygapophysial joints, are small synovial joints like the joints of our fingers, but with much flatter surfaces which give the name .facet. to them. They are made up of part of the vertebra above and part below, are lined by articular cartilage and surrounded by a joint capsule lined with synovial membrane. In the lumbar spine the facets joints act to stabilise whilst the area is under compression and to resist excessive movement between the individual vertebrae. This protects the intervertebral discs from damage from inappropriate ranges of movement.

The joint surfaces of the facet joints vary in orientation through the spine, allowing and preventing different movements. In the neck both rotation and flexion/extension is permitted, in the thoracic spine rotation is the dominant movement and in the lumbar spine flexion and extension is permitted and rotation is limited. With disc degeneration in the lumbar spine the loads on the lumbar facet joints can be great and result in osteoarthritic changes in these joints which can be symptomatic and result in low back pain. Facet joint pain occurs in a significant proportion of people with low back pain and can be difficult to manage.

Fatigue or Tiredness with Musculoskeletal Conditions

Tiredness or fatigue is an extremely common accompanying condition to a large number of musculoskeletal conditions. Patients may rate fatigue just as important and severe as their pain problems but there is little consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of this distressing condition. Fatigue has been studied in good quality trials of people with arthritic conditions. If fatigue is an issue it is commonly present in varying degrees from a low level of weariness to complete exhaustion. Fatigue may also be shattering and force the person to lie down and rest or sleep, is not necessarily related to activity at all and can involve cognitive faculties such as thinking and memory.

Tiredness interferes with all aspects of a patient.s life including employment, personal relationships, normal daily chores, looking after children, social life and leisure. Patients often save energy for essential activities such as work or chores at the expense of a social life or any kind of recreational activity. Typical consequences of this forced inability to participate in normal life are frustration, anger, resentment and depression. Fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome overlap in their presentation of pain and tiredness symptoms, with fibromyalgia typically exhibiting pain as its main symptom but accompanied sometimes by high fatigue levels.